Applying this concept to the construction industry helps to define and explain the mechanism of unsafe behaviors of construction workers. According to multiple causality, multiple influencing factors are combined in a random manner, which causes the occurrence of unsafe behaviors and accidents at construction sites. In addition, the concept of multiple causalities introduced by Petersen has given great enlightenment to the research in the field. think that when organizational management factors are the root cause, the cause of the accident may be a system error, not human error. Scholars also explored a set of crucial research questions such as if construction safety management should be taken as a system, how different factors affect construction workers, and how unsafe behaviors further affect this system ? For example, Al-Bayati et al. This has prompted scholars’ explorations about the factors impacting unsafe behaviors of construction workers from different perspectives, including “individual”, “organizational management”, “project”, and external “production operations”. The unsafe behaviors of construction workers are a relatively complex phenomenon, which is often related to many factors. The unsafe behaviors of construction workers refer to their dangerous practices in violation of organizational discipline, operating procedures and methods in their professional activities. This has also contributed to the considerable explorations about unsafe behaviors of construction workers. Given that workers’ unsafe behaviors are the root cause of construction accidents, it is of great importance to propose appropriate managerial strategies to deal with workers’ unsafe behaviors in practice. About 80% of construction accidents were caused by workers’ unsafe behaviors. It is estimated that about 60,000 people die in construction accidents in the world every year, which is equivalent to one accident every 9 minutes. Nevertheless, its development has been plagued by frequent accidents and injuries. The construction industry is a crucial sector of the national economy. The research findings promote stakeholders’ understanding of the influencing factors, formation mechanism, and pre-control methods of construction workers’ unsafe behaviors, and lead to future research directions in the studied field. Moreover, a research framework was proposed and future research directions were also suggested. In addition, three research topics were identified and discussed, including the influencing factors of construction workers’ unsafe behaviors, the formation mechanism of unsafe behaviors, and the pre-control methods of unsafe behaviors. First, the study conducted a descriptive analysis of the year, quantity, publishing organization, and keywords of the literature. Therefore, the aim of this study is to address this research gap based on retrieved literature from the Web of Science. However, a systematic literature review in this field is still lacking, which hinders stakeholders’ comprehensive understanding of the unsafe behaviors of construction workers. The research on unsafe behaviors of workers helps to reduce the incidence of accidents and has attracted much attention. Unsafe behaviors of construction workers are one of the main causes of accidents at construction sites.
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